gene polymorphisms of 22 cytokines in macedonian children with atopic dermatitis

atopic dermatitis (ad) is a common chronically relapsing skin disease associated with abnormal cytokine production, and activation of t-helper 2 cells. the aim if this study was to determine whether cytokine gene polymorphisms might influence the development of ad. single nucleotide polymorphisms in the genes for i-l1alpha, il-1beta, il-1r, il-2, il-4, il-6, il-10, il-12, tgf beta, tnf and ifngamma were investigated by pcr and sequence specific primers in macedonian patients with ad (67 children, age of 6 months to 5 years) and  301 normal  unrelated  individuals. susceptible cytokine polymorphisms  for  ad  for eleven genotypes (il-4 -33/t:t  il-4 -1098/g:g, tgfbeta cdn25c:g,    il-4 -1098/t:t,  il-1alpha -889/c:t, il-2 +166/t:t, il-1beta -511/c:t, il-12 -1188/c:t, il-10 -1082/a:g, il-1beta +3962/c:t, ifngamma +874/a:t), five diplotypes, six haplotypes, and for alleles were found. protective cytokine polymorphisms for ad for seven cytokine genotypes (il-4 -1098/g:t,  tgfbeta  cdn25/g:g,  il-4  -33/c:c,  il-1alpha -889/c:c,  ifngamma  +874/a:a, il-10 -1082/a:a,   il-1beta -511/c:c), one cytokine diplotypes, two cytokine haplotypes, and four cytokine alleles were also found. we concluded that several cytokine polymorphisms are protective, or susceptible associated with ad in population of macedonians.